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Accelerate3g5 -- blobb » History » Version 146

blobb, 05/10/2017 03:10 PM

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h1. Accelerate3g5 -- blobb
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h2. Summary
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Trying to come up with a fuzzing interface.
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h3. Participants
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* André (email: dr.blobb@gmail.com)
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h2. Details
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*1)* First setting up the femtocell and understand necessary basics of UMTS communication to do so. (done)
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*2)* Collecting information e.g. slides, talks, docu about fuzzing of wireless protocols. (done)
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*3)* craft requests and run fuzz tests against subscriber. (to be done)
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Note: first time fuzzing.
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h2. Test devices
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TD1: Samsung Galaxy S5 Mini (G800F) 
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 OS: Lineage OS (14.1/7.1.1) 
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 BB: G800FXXU1BPC3
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SIM: MicroSIM
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TD2: LG Nexus 5 (hammerhead)
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 OS: Android Marshmallow (6.0) 
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 BB: M48974A-2.0.50.2.27
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SIM: MicroSIM
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TD3: HTC One M9
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 OS: Android Lollipop (5.1)
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 BB: 01.04_U11440601_71.02.50709G_F
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SIM: NanoSIM (cutted MicroSIM)
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TD4: Samsung S3 (GT-I9300)
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 OS: Android Jelly Bean (4.3)
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 BB: I9300XXUGNA8
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SIM: MicroSim
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h2. Journal
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+*1) Setting up the network*+
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+_2017-03-07_+
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Pick up package at Sysmocom office.
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Having an informative conversation with Neels about Jenkins, Docker and build artifacts.
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+_2017-03-12_+
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Set up wiki page.
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Seeing femtocell on network interface.
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Compiled source as described, but couldn't configure/launch CN successfully (yet).
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Next time will try Neels' launch script and same IP range.
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+_2017-03-15_+
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Reading "data sheet [overview]":http://www.ipaccess.com/uploads/wysiwyg_editor/files/2017/S8_S16-Datasheet-v1.0.pdf "data sheet [details]":https://fccid.io/pdf.php?id=1462491 about ip.access nano3G S8.
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Configuring femtocell via telnet (dry run).
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Running in HLR issue mentioned in wiki when invoking run.sh.
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+_2017_04-02_+
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*2) Collecting input about fuzzing*:
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papers/theses:
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>"SMS Fuzzing - SIM Toolkit Attack - B. Alecu, defcon21 2013":https://www.defcon.org/images/defcon-21/dc-21-presentations/Alecu/DEFCON-21-Bogdan-Alecu-Attacking-SIM-Toolkit-with-SMS-WP.pdf
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>"SMS Vulnerability Analysis on Feature Phones - N. Golde, 2011":http://www.isti.tu-berlin.de/fileadmin/fg214/finished_theses/NicoGolde/diplom_golde.pdf
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>"Fuzzing the GSM Protocol - B. Hond, master thesis 2011":http://www.ru.nl/publish/pages/769526/scriptie-brinio-final-brinio_hond.pdf
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talks:
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>"SMS Fuzzing - Sim Toolkit Attack - B. Alecu, Deepsec 2011":http://www.securitytube.net/video/2518
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>"Using OpenBSC for fuzzing of GSM handsets - H. Welte, 26c3 2009":http://mirror.fem-net.de/CCC/26C3/mp4/26c3-3535-en-using_openbsc_for_fuzzing_of_gsm_handsets.mp4
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slides:
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>"MobiDeke: Fuzzing the GSM Protocol Stack - S. Dudek & G. Delugr, hack.lu 2012":http://archive.hack.lu/2012/Fuzzing_The_GSM_Protocol_Stack_-_Sebastien_Dudek_Guillaume_Delugre.pdf
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>"Base Jumping - Attacking the GSM BB and BTS - grugq, 2010":http://conference.hackinthebox.org/hitbsecconf2010kul/materials/D2T1%20-%20The%20Grugq%20-%20Attacking%20GSM%20Basestations.pdf
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>"Fuzzing your GSM phone - Harald Welte, 26c3 2009":https://events.ccc.de/congress/2009/Fahrplan/attachments/1503_openbsc_gsm_fuzzing.pdf
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>"Fuzzing the Phone in your Phone - C. Miller & C. Mulliner, Blackhat 2009":https://engineering.purdue.edu/dcsl/reading/2011/jevin-fuzzing.pdf
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>"Injecting SMS Messages into Smart Phones for Security Analysis - C. Mulliner, 2009":https://www.mulliner.org/security/sms/feed/injecting_sms_mulliner_miller.pdf
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>"Security Testing esp. Fuzzing - E. Poll, ????":https://www.cs.ru.nl/E.Poll/ss/slides/12_Fuzzing.pdf
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+_2017-04-19_+
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Resolving HLR issue and set correct IPs in "*.cfg files":https://osmocom.org/attachments/download/2559/3G-config-example-v3.tar. 
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hNodeB connects to hnbgw, but no UE is connecting to it. 
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> [issue from wiki: ...unable to resolve DNS record look up of 0.ipaccess.pool.ntp.org... no trx].
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Connect femtocell to LAN with internet access to resolve DNS record look up issue, still no phones are connecting (yet).
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Adding SIM cards to hlr.db, after creating db successfully [thanks to "andreas":https://osmocom.org/projects/cellular-infrastructure/wiki/Accelerate3g5_--_andreas]
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+_2017-04-20_+
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Create and attach "build_3G.sh":https://osmocom.org/attachments/download/2602/build_3G.sh (adapted from "build_2G.sh":https://osmocom.org/attachments/download/2438/build_2G.sh).
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Rebuild with correct branch/tag (openbsc:vlr_3G,libosmo-sccp:old_sua).
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TD1 and TD2 *successfully connected* to femtocell!!! *\o/*
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*Voice calls work* (TD1<->TD2).
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+_2017-04-22_+
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Create and attach "configure_nano3G.exp":https://projects.osmocom.org/attachments/download/2604/configure_nano3G.exp. 
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> Invoke expect script within "run.sh":https://projects.osmocom.org/attachments/download/2559/3G-config-example-v3.tar to automate initial nano3G configuration via telnet. 
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*SMS work* (TD1<->TD2), probably worked before but have been tested "today".
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+_2017-04-24_+
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Compile OpenBSC with --enable-mgcp-transcoding flag and create 127.0.0.2 on lo. :)
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Attach refactored version of "build_3G.sh":https://projects.osmocom.org/attachments/download/2605/build_3G.sh.
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*Data "works"* (TD1<->TD2, TDx<->tun0/192.168.42.1
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>Note: data "worked" before (UEs got IP 2017-4-20). But I didn't manage to forward packets from tun0->eth0->inet yet, although the following iptable rule has been applied:
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<pre>
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sh -c "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward" 
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sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
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</pre>
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+_2017-04-25_+
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Create and attach "find_nano3G.sh":https://osmocom.org/attachments/download/2609/find_nano3G.sh.
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Picked up TD4 at a friend's place. Now I don't need to change the SIM/USIM card in TD1, which is my "normal" cell phone to test functionality. *Thanks* a lot buddy :)
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+_2017-04-26_+
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As it actually belongs to the accelerate3g5 project, I add the "hands-on repo":https://github.com/blobbsen/repo-handson this journal.
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> It provides functionality to clone necessary git repos and build accerelate3g5 CN stack.
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+_2017-04-29_+
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Test MMS, *doesn't* work.
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I'd changed MCC and MNC from the "wiki-default":http://osmocom.org/projects/cellular-infrastructure/wiki/Configuring_the_ipaccess_nano3G values (MCC=901, MNC=98) to MCC=809 and MNC=90 on the hNodeB (telnet) to align with SIM-cards' IMSIs and avoid roaming, but it didn't work out (yet).
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+_2017-04-30_+
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Set csgAccessMode to CSG_ACCESS_MODE_CLOSED_ACCESS to avoid interfering with UEs now owned by me.
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Set additional ip table rule. UE's have finally internet connection. *\o/*  
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<pre>
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sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o lo -j MASQUERADE
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</pre>
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+_2017-05-01_+
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UEs are not roaming anymore *\o/*. Actually the explanation of a friend how the MCC and MNC has to be set according to the IMSI (0-2 MCC, 3-4 MNC digits) was correct, 
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but I didn't read the IMSI correctly from the "sysmocom full-size SIM card". Such IMSIs on the full-size SIM card consist of 18 digits. 
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After using IMSIs from delivery e-mail (which are 15 digits long and not 18 as full-size-SIM-card-IMSI) it works. 
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Moreover, I now know that the IMSI can ONLY hold 15 digits and consists of MCC (3), MNC (2-3) and MSIN (9-10).
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A poor/manual stability test for the entire UMTS network has been successful for 12 hours ((DL: 7,8-5,9, UL: 1,2-0,8) Mbit/s and ping: 170-150 ms).
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&nbsp;
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+*3) Understand and try to fuzz handsets*+
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&nbsp;
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+_2017-05-03_+
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system is only mounted as read-only, "mount -o remount,rw /" changes this behavior to rw.
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Change ssh_banner (just for fun):
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!ssh_banner.jpg!
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Changing thttp port to 80 and show own index.html (just for fun).
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Entire network still works fine, when thttpd port changed to 80.
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+_2017-05-04_+
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Thinking about installing python and scapy on the hNodeB to see whether we could fuzz directly on the imq0-15 interfaces as they might represent UL+DL connections of UEs. 
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(nano3G S8 can serve up to 8 clients -> 8*(UL+DL) = 16 interfaces)
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First problem we only have ~ 20 MB storage left for python and scapy, which are around 70 MB and we cannot use ipkg to install anything as the repository servers are not available.
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Storage problem can be solved by creating a ramdisk. I've create a 70 MB ramdisk and verified whether the entire network still works. 
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Yes it does, although only 2.4 MB RAM was left and 2 UEs have been connected.
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Copying Python binaries and dependent libs (libssl.so.1.0.0,...) from a RaspberryPi Model A, because they use same processor/architecture.
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After all dependencies have been copied via ssh, python still doesn't run, showing some "GLIBS_VERSION" error, so I tried to replace libc.so.6 with the one on the RasPi too.
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This was a huge mistake, which showed me that I am missing system level and C knowledge, because some google research (afterwards) proofed that replacing libc.so.6 is a very, very bad idea.
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After replacing libc.so.6 any executed command resulted in -> "Illegal Instruction - Core Dumped"... :S
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I did it a "Factory Reset", but it seems to only reset AP configuration settings or might be damaged as well in fact of the libc.so.6 change.
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The hNodeB still gets an IP from the DHCP server and one can ping it. But no ports are open anymore, thus I cannot connect at all. :/
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It seems that I really have bricked the hNodeB... -.-"
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+_2017-05-07_+
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A friend supported me (*thanks!*) with his experience and equipment to see whether any Serial or JTAG interface might still works, so we may could change the wrong symlink.
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The following pictures show results of our probing (SK1, PL1, PL2, PL3, J1 and J4):
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!nano3G_PCB_front_preview.JPG!
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!nano3G_PCB_back_preview.JPG! 
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&nbsp;
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Unfortunately we didn't find any Serial connection, although some pins indicated some sort of communication.
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Furthermore the used Spansion S29GL-512P10FFCR2 flash is BGA and not TSOP ("datasheet":https://media.digikey.com/pdf/Data%20Sheets/Cypress%20PDFs/S29GLyyyP_Dec-16-2015.pdf). So a try to unsolder and fix tehe flash as described in "Reverse Engineering Flash memory for Fun and Benefit":https://www.blackhat.com/docs/us-14/materials/us-14-Oh-Reverse-Engineering-Flash-Memory-For-Fun-And-Benefit.pdf could not be applied.
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+_2017-05-08_+
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Thinking about buying a "BGA64 test socket":http://www.vipprogrammer.com/nand-bga64-test-socket-adapter-for-proman-tl86plus-nand-programmer-programmer-3533 in order to desolder and fix the Spansion flash.
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But first buying a S29GL512P10FFCR2 (LAA064), a S29GL512P10TFCR2 (TSO56) an a "TSOP56 test socket":http://www.ebay.de/itm/New-TSOP56-TSOP-56-TO-DIP56-DIP-56-0-5mm-Universal-IC-Programmer-Socket-Adapter-/162210700904?hash=item25c482de68:g:pdMAAOSwPCVX4amp - which is much cheaper than the BGA64-test socket - to play around with such flash type before doing anything with/on the hNodeB. 
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Buying an "Omnikey CardMan 3121 USB CCID reader":http://shop.sysmocom.de/products/cm3121 and a "Professional SIM card adapter":http://shop.sysmocom.de/products/sim-adapter-pcb to be able to tinker with SIM cards as long flash and test socket did not arrive.
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&nbsp;
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&nbsp;
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h2. Conclusions
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- UE's are connecting. Voice calls + SMS + data are working and UEs are *not* roaming. =)
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- *Never ever* mess around with libc.so.6 :/
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&nbsp;
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&nbsp;
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